European strategy for confronting crises

Authors

  • نوار محمد ربيع الخيري College of Political Science / Al-Mustansiriya University / Baghdad / Iraq

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.58298/772024585

Keywords:

European Union, strategy, confrontation crises

Abstract

Within the framework of an international system filled with events, variables, and crises that leave their impact on all its components, the crises that obstructed the course of the European Union’s work were numerous and varied, ranging from direct crises within the European scope to external, regional and international crises. These crises posed challenges to European unity, so the European Union was present and aware to these variables and crises and their effects and the necessity of confronting them through a unified European strategy that can deal with, manage, adapt to, or find solutions to these crises through procedures, policies, aid packages, and strategies for each field. However, all of these European strategies to confront crises are not at the required level which puts and develops radical solutions to these crises. The European responses, represented by the strategies to confront the crises, were varied. Some of them were successful and influential, albeit in a relative manner, they expressed relative European consensus in some crises and contributed to some extent to the possibility of dealing with the crises, while others failed in the face of other crises. The European strategies for dealing with crises were timid and modest strategies and did not always express the collective and unified European opinion. The influences and variables that were embodied in the form of crises were stronger than the European will to confront them, this was also affected by the prioritization of the national and private interests of the European countries over the collective and unitary interests and the international pressures and influences that affected them. It leads to influencing European strategies and their effectiveness, all of which has implications for the status, strength and effectiveness of the European Union at the international level. Accordingly, the European Union needs stronger, more integrated and consensual positions and strategies among member states that express a unified European role and influence, enhance its international standing, and parallel the success it has achieved throughout the stages it has gone through.

References

- Ahmed Nazif, Conference on the Future of Europe: Goals, Tasks and Challenges, Emirates Policy Centre, March 23, 2021, on the website: https://epc.ae/ar/details/feqtured/mutamar-mustaqbal-uwrubba-alahdaf-walmaham-waltahdiyat (Date of visit: 1/28/2024).

- In preparation for confronting crises...the European Union decides to establish a rapid reaction force of up to 5,000 soldiers, Al Jazeera, 3/22/2022, on the website: https://www.algjazeera.net.politics /

- European Union - Economic Security Strategy, European Center for Counter-Terrorism and Intelligence Studies ECCl, Studies Unit ((27)), Bonn, September 27-2023, on the website: https://www.europarabct.com/. (Date of visit: 1/23/2004).

- The European Union amends the Schengen rules, Al Jazeera, 5/24/2024, on the website, Aljazeera.net/news/2024. (Date of visit: 5/29/2024).

- National Security - European Union Strategies - Security, Defense and Economy (File), European Center for Counter-Terrorism and Intelligence Studies, Studies Unit, Bonn, September 28, 2023, on the website: http://www.europarabct.com

- Geagea Ismail, The Crisis of European Integration between Collective Ambitions and National Interests, Faculty of Law and Political Science, Mohamed Bou Diaf University - M’sila, 2018-2019 AD, 1440 AH, PDF. On the website: dspce.univ-msila.dz:8080 /xmlui/bitstream/handle/123456789/15017/. (Date of visit: 1/29/2024).

- Jeromin Zettelmayr, Simone Taglia Pietra, George Zachman, Kunal Heussaff, Overcoming the European Energy Crisis (FSD), Finance and Development Journal, International Monetary Fund, December 2022, on the website:

https://www.imf.org/ar/publication/fandd/issues/202212/beating- theeuropean-energy-crisis-zettelmeyer# (date of visit 1/24/2024). 8- The European Union Security and Defense Package, an official European Union website, The Diplomatic Service of the Enropean Union, 10/19/2017, at the website: http://www.eeas.europa.ewu/node/16693-ar

- Hussein Al-Moubayed, The Future of the European Union in Light of the Current Crises, Shaf Center for Future Studies and Analysis of Crises and Conflicts, the Middle East and Africa, 7/23/2022, on the website: https://shafcenter.org/. (Date of visit: 29 /1/2024)

- Dora Iakova, Alfred Kammer, and James Ruff, How can the European Union’s ambitious climate change mitigation goals be achieved, on the website

https:/ www.imf.org/ar/Blogs/Articles/2020/09/24/blogs-how- - the-eus-ambitious-climate-mitigation-goals)- to-meet- (Date of visit 1/26 /2024). 11- A. Ratiba Tifuni, Challenges of the European Union in Light of New Crises

- Rozan Al-Fayed, Many Dangers: Europe Facing the Water Crisis, European Studies Unit, Egyptian Center for Thought and Strategic Studies, 8/14/2023, on the website: https://ec55.com.eg/36033/.( Date of visit: 1/26/2024) 13- Zainab Haider, The European Union and the 2020 Crisis... Collapse or Futile Continuation, Al Jazeera, 4/6/2020, on the website: https://www.aljazeera.net/blogs/2020/4/6/. (Date of visit: 1/22/2024)

- European Defense Policy, French Diplomacy, July 2019, on the website: https://www.diplomatie.gouv.fr/ar /

- Europe’s Green Deal, the European Union’s “Green Deal” provides a solid plan for a smooth transition to a sustainable, climate-friendly future, Europe, facts about Germany, on the website: wawrwba/ https://www.tatsachen-euber-deutschland .de/ar/almanya-sfqt-awrwba-alkhadra. (Date of visit: 1/26/2024) . 16- In the face of energy and price crises... Europe will build “strategic reserves” for lithium and rare metals and insist on punishing Russia, Al Jazeera Net, 9/14/2022, on the website: 9/14/2022/ https://www. .aljazeera.net/ news

- Dr. Christian Koch, The European Union faces the challenge of maintaining unity and avoiding drift into nationalism and populism, Opinions on the Gulf, Wednesday, March 29, 2023, on the website: araa.sa/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=6519:2023-03- 12-29-04-47&catid=4641&Itemid=172

- Karim Masloh, European Defense Policy, Arab Center for Research and Policy Studies, August 25, 2022, on the website: https://www.dohainstitute.org/BooksAndJournals/pages/european-defense-policy.aspx

- How does the European Union face crises, pdf, pp. 95-96, https://books.google.iq

- What are the limits of the success of the idea of European strategic independence? Interregional Strategic Analyzes, International Association of Political Experts and Analysts, 4/19/2023, on the website: https://apa.inter.com/post.php?id=6033

- The Ukraine and European Union crisis file: Is there a shift in defense and security policies? , European Center for Counter-Terrorism and Intelligence Studies (ECCl), prepared by the Studies and Reports Unit (2), Germany and the Netherlands, May 11, 2022, on the website: https://www.europarabct.com 22- Dr. Mona Soliman, Future Challenges for the European Union in 2023... Reality and Prospects, International Politics Journal, 1-22-2023, on the website: http://www.siyassa.org.eg/News/18493.aspx

- Nadia Balourgui, The repercussions of the Eurozone crisis on the Euro-Mediterranean Partnership, a case study of Algeria, Master’s thesis, Faculty of Economic, Commercial and Management Sciences, Mohamed Kheidar University, Biskra, PDF. (Date of visit: 1/30/2024).

- Youssef Al-Shati, European Union crises threaten the idea of international cooperation, Al-Jazeera, 4/2/2018, on the website: https://www.aljazeera.net/blogs/4/22/2018. (Date of visit: 1/30 /2024).

- Ana Palacio, The European Union faces four challenges, translated by: Maysa Kamel, May 22, 2019, Project Syndicate, on the website: https;//www.project-syndicte.org/commentary european-parliment-elections-eu-reform- by-ana-palacio-2019-5/ arabic. (Date of visit: 1/28/2024).

Additional Files

Published

2024-06-30

Issue

Section

Original research papers

How to Cite

European strategy for confronting crises. (2024). قضايا سياسية, 77, 570-591. https://doi.org/10.58298/772024585

Similar Articles

1-10 of 92

You may also start an advanced similarity search for this article.