مراكز البحث والتفكير الامريكية ودورها في صنع القرار السياسي الخارجي: بروكينغز وكارنيغي انموذجاً

D. Stone, A. Denham, & M. Garnett (Eds.). Think tanks across nations: A comparative approach. Manchester, England: Manchester University Press. 1998

Diane Stone, Mark Garnett, Think Tanks across nations: A comparative approach, Manchester University Press,( UK, 1998)

Dobbs, Michael & King Richard., Nixon and Watergate: an American tragedy. New York. 2021

James G. McGann & Laura C. Whelan, Global Think Tanks, 2nd Edition, Routledge, 2020

John Greco, A Foundation for Internationalism: The CEIP, 1931–1941, Doctoral dissertation, Syracuse University, 1971

Lawrence Shoup and William Minter, Imperial Brain Trust, New York: Monthly Review Press, 1977

MacKay, J. A., Little Boss: A life of Andrew Carnegie. Mainstream, 1997.

Medvetz, T., Think tanks in America. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press. 2012

Murray, Stuart A. P., The Library: An Illustrated History. New York, New York: Skyhorse Pub. 2009

Nasaw, David., Andrew Carnegie. New York: Penguin Group. 2006

Nicholas Murray Butler, Across the Busy Years, New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons, 1939

Paul Dickson, Think Tanks, New York: Atheneum, 1971

Robert Cox, ‘Gramsci, Hegemony and International Relations’, in Stephen Gill (ed.), Gramsci, Historical Materialism and International Relations, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1993

Robert Divine, Second Chance: The Triumph of Internationalism in America During World War II, New York: Atheneum, 1967

Stephen Boucher, Europe and its think tanks Europe and its think tanks : a promise to be fulfilled a promise to be fulfilled, Notre Europe, October 2004

Stone, D., Capturing the Political Imagination. Think Tanks and the Policy Process, Londres, Frank Cass, 1996

Thomas Medvetz, "Think Tanks as an Emergent Field", The Social Science Research Council, (New York, 2008)

Woodward, Bob; Bernstein, Carl. All the President's Men. Simon & Schuster. June 1974

SECOND: RESARCHES & STUDIES

Ali, I. A., Feminist theorizing in the international relations discipline. Journal of International Women's Studies, 25(2), 2023

Andrew J. Glass, "Washington Pressures I Brookings Seeks Balance by Hiring Nixon Cadre as Staff Scholars," National Journal, 12 February 1972

Asian Development Bank Institute Symposium, Asian Development Bank. Hanoi, 31st August 2005

Bruce D. Jones, The Marshall Plan and the Shaping of American Strategy, Brookings Institution Press, February 28, 2017.

Critchlow, Donald T. “Robert S. Brookings: The Man, the Vision and the Institution.” The Review of Politics 46, no. 4, 1984

D. Stone, Think tanks and policy advice in countries in transition. Paper prepared for the

Derthick, Martha; Nivola, Pietro S. "Gilbert Yale Steiner". PS: Political Science & Politics. 39 (3): July 2006

Donald E. Abelson, Old world, new world: the evolution and influence of foreign affairs think-tanks, International Affairs 90: 1 (2014)

Feller, Eric D., "The Brookings Institution and Public Policy," Sigma: Journal of Political and International Studies: Vol. 4 , Article 3. 1986

Furqan Adil JABBA & Hussein Mezher KHALAF, Colombia: Assessing the Roles of the European Union in Conflict Resolution and Peacebuilding, Conflict Studies Quarterly, Issue 47, April 2024

Groseclose, Tim; Milyo, Jeffrey, "A Measure of Media Bias”. The Quarterly Journal of Economics. 120 (4): November 2005

Hameed, Muntasser Majeed, “State-building and Ethnic Pluralism in Iraq after 2003.” Politeia 104. no. 1, 2022

Hameed, Muntasser Majeed., "Political structure and the administration of political system in Iraq (post-ISIS)." Cuestiones Políticas 37, no. 65, 2020.

Howard J. Wiarda, “the new powerhouses think tanks and foreign policy” , American foreign policy Interests, Volume30, Number 2, 2008

Hussein Mezher KHALAF, The Methodological and Epistemological Developments in Conflict and Peace Studies, Conflict Studies Quarterly, Issue 47, April 2024

Icon Group International, Carnegie Endowment For International Peace: Webster's Timeline History 1505 – 2007, February 20, 2009

Inderjeet Parmar, Engineering consent: the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace and the mobilization of American public opinion, 1939–1945, Review of International Studies, 26: 2000.

James G. McGann, Democratization and Market Reform in Developing and Transitional Countries: Think Tanks as Catalysts, Routledge, April 10, 2015

James G. McGann, The Fifth Estate: Think Tanks, Public Policy, and Governance, Brookings Institution Press September 13, 2016

Juliana Cristina Rosa Hauck, What are 'Think Tanks'? Revisiting the Dilemma of the Definition, Review Essay, Bras. Political Sci. Rev. 11 (2), 2017

Leven, Maurice, Harold G. Moulton, and Clark Warburton., “America’s Capacity to Consume” (Institute of Economics, The Brookings Institution, 1934)

Mark V. Nadel and Francis E. Rourke, ‘Bureaucracies,’ in Fred I. Greenstein and Nelson W. Polsby (eds.), Handbook of Political Science, vol. 5 (London: Addison-Wesley, 1975)

Moulton, Harold G., “Income and Economic Progress” (Institute of Economics, The Brookings Institution, 1935)

Parmar, Inderjeet. “Engineering Consent: The Carnegie Endowment for International Peace and the Mobilization of American Public Opinion, 1939-1945.” Review of International Studies, vol. 26, no. 1, 2000

Ricard Higgott and Diane Stone, ‘The Limits of Influence: Foreign Policy Think Tanks in Britain and the USA,’ Review of International Studies, 20:1 (1994)

Rich, Andrew., “War of Ideas: Why Mainstream and Liberal Foundations and the Think Tanks they Support are Losing in the War of Ideas in American Politics,” Stanford Social Innovation Review. Stanford University, spring 2006.

Richard N. Haass, Think Tanks And U.S Foreign Policy: A Policy-Maker’s Perspective, An Electronic Journal of The U.S. Department of State, Volume 7, Number 3, November (2002)

Robert Divine’s study, Second Chance. The Triumph of Internationalism in America During World War II (New York: Atheneum, 1967)

Shaw, S. E., Russell, J., Parsons, W., & Greenhalgh, T., The view from nowhere? How think tanks work to shape health policy. Critical Policy Studies, 9(1), 2015

Strobe Talbott, The Brookings Institution: How a think tank works, U.S. Foreign Policy Agenda an electronic journal of the U.S. Department of State, volume 7, Number 3, November 2002

THIRD: DISSERTATIONS

David Walter Eakins, The Development of Corporate Liberal Policy Research in the United States, 1885–1965, Doctoral dissertation, University of Wisconsin, 1966

Robert Divine, Op.cit. p.21; Nicholas Murray Butler, Op.cit. p.91; John Greco, A Foundation for Internationalism: The CEIP, 1931–1941, Doctoral dissertation, Syracuse University, 1971

FOURTH: REPORTS

"John R. Allen named next Brookings Institution president". Brookings Institution. October 4, 2017

"Two Think Tanks with Growing Impact," U. S. News and World Report, 25 September 1978

James G. McGann, 2010 Global Go To Think Tanks Index Report, University of Pennsylvania, Scholarly Commons, 12-1-2010

James G. McGann, 2018 Global Go To Think Tank Index Report, University of Pennsylvania, Scholarly Commons, 1-2019

James G. McGann, The Global Go To Think Tank, Final United Nations University, January 18, 2012

McGann, James G, 2017 Global Go To Think Tank Index, TTCSP Global Go To Think Tank Index Reports, 2018-01-01

FIFTH: NEWSPAPERS

"FDA reserves course on a 4.2 Million no-bid grant to a former commissioner". The Washington Post. May 16, 2018

DeParle, Jason, "Next Generation of Conservatives (By the Dormful)". The New York Times, June 14, 2005

Lipton, Eric., "Foreign Powers Buy Influence at Think Tanks". The New York Times. September 6, 2014.

Stein, Jeff, "Sanders proposes canceling entire $1.6 trillion in U.S. student loan debt, escalating Democratic policy battle". The Washington Post, June 24, 2019

Stone Fish, Isaac., "Huawei's surprising ties to the Brookings Institution". The Washington Post. December 7, 2018.

The New America Foundation falls into a familiar trap, The Economist, Sep 7th 2017.

SIXTH: WEBSITES

"Dr. Cecilia Rouse talks about being appointed Brookings's ninth President". Brookings. June 28, 2023. Avilable: https://www.brookings.edu/articles/dr-cecilia-rouse-talks-about-being-appointed-brookings-ninth-president/

A Brief History of RAND. Available at: https://www.rand.org/about/history.html

About Brookings: Quality. Independence. Impact., Brookings, Friday, APRIL 30, 2010. Available: https://web.archive.org/web/20100430053631/http://www.brookings.edu/about.aspx

ADBI Retains World’s Number One Government Affiliated Think Tank Ranking, ADBI News Release | 29 January 2021. Available at: https://www.adb.org/adbi/news/adbi-retains-world-number-one-government-affiliated-think-tank-ranking

Daniel Bessener & Stephen Wertheim, “Can we Democratize Foreign Policy?”, Quincy Institute for Responsible Statcraft, December 11, 2019. Available: quincyinst.org/2019/12/11/can-we-democratize-foreign-policy/

Easterbrook, Gregg., "Ideas Move Nations". The Atlantic. January 1, 1986.

Foreign Policy at BROOKINGS, BROOKINGS. Avilable: https://www.brookings.edu/programs/foreign-policy/about/

Fred Dews, Brookings’s analysis and recommendations on the Great Depression of the 1930s, BROOKINGS, October 24, 2016. Available: https://www.brookings.edu/articles/brookings-great-depression/

Fred Dews, profiles of Brookings’s leaders since 1927, BROOKINGS, November 6, 2017. Avilable: https://www.brookings.edu/articles/profiles-of-brookings-leaders-since-1927/

Gene Healy, Think Tanks and the Iraq War, CATO Institute, JUNE 8, 2015. Avilable: https://www.cato.org/blog/think-tanks-iraq-war

Jason Hachadorian and Jennifer S. Vey, Assessing your innovation district: Five key questions to explore, BROOKINGS, February 21, 2018. Avilable: https://www.brookings.edu/articles/assessing-your-innovation-district-five-key-questions-to-explore/

Keenan Hartert, Former U.S. Ambassador and Veteran Diplomat to Deliver Convocation, Carleton, November 1, 2010. Avilable: https://apps.carleton.edu/media_relations/press_releases/?story_id=684273

Letter, Hull to Butler, 30 November 1939. Avilable at: https://hec.lrfoundation.org.uk/archive-library/documents/lrf-pun-wr_corcy_19191939-0022-l; Letter, Malcolm W. Davis to Butler, 21 June 1943. Avilable at:

Middle East Uprisings: Options for the United States, Tue. Washington, D.C., May 31st, 2011. Avilable: https://carnegieendowment.org/events/2011/05/middle-east-uprisings-options-for-the-united-states?lang=en

Noelle Pourrat, A Smart Strategy for the Middle East, Carnegie Cooperation of New York, July 14, 2015. Avilable: https://www.carnegie.org/our-work/article/smart-strategy-middle-east/

Noelle Pourrat, A Smart Strategy for the Middle East, July 14, 2015. Avilable: https://www.carnegie.org/our-work/article/smart-strategy-middle-east/

Our History, Carnegie Corporation of New York. Avilable at: https://www.carnegie.org/about/our-history/

Peter W. Singer, Washington’s Think Tanks: Factories to Call Our Own, BROOKINGS, August 13, 2010. Available at: https://www.brookings.edu/articles/washingtons-think-tanks-factories-to-call-our-own/

Ron Nessen & Fred Dews Brookings’s role in the Marshall Plan, BROOKINGS, August 24, 2016. Avilable: https://www.brookings.edu/articles/brookings-role-marshall-plan/

The Story of the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, Carnegie Endowment For International Peace. Avilable: https://ceipfiles.s3.amazonaws.com/pdf/StoryoftheCarnegieEndowmentforInternationalPeace.pdf

The War in Iraq, September 19, 2007. Avilable: https://carnegieendowment.org/posts/2007/09/the-war-in-iraq?lang=en

Think Tanks, Oxford University Careers Service. Available at: https://www.careers.ox.ac.uk/think-tanks (14/1/2024)

Top 30 U.S. Think Tanks, The Think Tank Index. Foreign Policy Journal. Avilable: https://web.archive.org/web/20090520061336/http://www.foreignpolicy.com/story/cms.php?story_id=4598&page=1

LIST OF ARABIC REFERENCES (TRANSLATED)

• Arabic sources

First: Research and studies

Jassim Muhammad Musahib, The Economic Factor in American Foreign Policy, Journal of International Studies, Issues 64-65, Center for Strategic and International Studies, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, 2016

Abdul-Jabbar Ismail Ibrahim, Polarization of Regional and International Alliances: Iraq as a Model, Journal of Political Science, Issue 58, College of Political Science, University of Baghdad, 2019

Ammar Hamid Yassin, Russian Foreign Policy Long Live the Arab Gulf for the Post-2001 Period, Journal of Political Science, Issue 51, Journal of Political Science, College of Political Science, University of Baghdad, 2016

Fawzi Noureddine and Khamisa Oqabi, The Role of Think Tanks in Making American Foreign Policy After the Events of September 11, 2001, Journal of Legal and Political Sciences, Volume 8, Issue 2, University of the Valley, Algeria, 2017

Muthanna Ali Hussein, Iranian-American relations after the nuclear agreement, Political Science Journal, Issue 56, College of Political Science, University of Baghdad, 2018.

Mahmoud Fadel Hamoud and Abbas Hashim Aziz, The impact of the American military variable on the security reality of the Arabian Gulf region after 2003, Journal of Political Science, No. 64, College of Political Science, University of Baghdad, December 2022.

Muammar Faisal Khouli, The Role of Research and Studies Centers in Political Decision-Making: Iran as a Model, Rawabet Center for Research and Strategic Studies, Baghdad, 2005.

Hashim Hassan Al-Shahwani, American research centers and their impact on American foreign policy regarding Arab issues, Regional Studies, Issue (26), Center for Regional Studies, University of Mosul, 2012.

Omid Rafiq Fattah, Think Tanks and their Impact on Public Policy Making in the Kurdistan Region (Critical Study), Human Development University Journal, Volume 2, Issue 3, Human Development University, Sulaymaniyah, August 2016

Second: Theses & Dissertations

Khamisa Aqabi, The role of American think tanks in making foreign policy towards Arab issues after the events of September 11, 2001: The Rand Corporation as a model, unpublished doctoral thesis, Faculty of Law and Political Science, Mohamed Khedr University, Algeria, 2019.

Mustafa Sayej, American policy towards Islamic movements (focus on the administration of George Walker Bush 2000-2008), unpublished doctoral thesis, University of Algiers, 2007.

Third: Newspapers

Elizabeth Hagedorn, Inside the plan to return American diplomats to Libya, Al-Monitor, March 28, 2024.

Tahseen Halabi, Research Centers Serving American Foreign Policy, Al-Watan newspaper, 02-13-2024.

Fourth: Websites

Ali Owahida, The Brookings Institution proposes a new approach that includes a leadership role for Washington to end the Libya crisis, Al-Awsat Gate, February 11, 2019. Available at the following electronic link: https://alwasat.ly/news/libya/235630