دور المنظمات الاقليمية في مواجهه التغيرات المناخية
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.58298/782024577الكلمات المفتاحية:
التغير المناخي، الاتحاد الاوربي، جامعة الدول العربية ، الاليات، البيئةالملخص
تعد قضية تغير المناخ هي قضية حاسمة والأكثر إلحاحاً وذات اهمية على المجتمع الدولي في العصر الحالي ، وذلك جراء لما قد يسببه تغير المناخ من تأثيرات وتداعيات مستقبلية خطيرة، ليس أقلها جفاف بعض الأنهار وغرق أجزاء شاسعة من المناطق الساحلية، وتبدل خريطة مناطق الإنتاج الزراعي في العالم، ومن ثم فقد أطلقت منظمات البيئة العالمية تحذيرات شديدة من تدهور المناخ العالمي، والإنذار بالخطر لتنبيه الغافلين بأن هذا التدهور يمكن أن تكون له تداعيات مروعة نتيجة تزايد الغازات الكربونية .
المراجع
La lutte contre le changement climatematique, Toute l'Europe, 2011, http://www.touteleurope.eu/fr/actions/energie-environnement/l-europe-et-l-environnement/presentation/la-lutte-contre- le-changement-climatique.html
Dora Iakova, Alfred Kammer, and James Ruff. How can the European Union’s ambitious goals to mitigate the effects of climate change be achieved, International Monetary Fund Blog, (IMFBlog), 9/24/2020.
Available at: https://www.imf.org/ar/Blogs/Articles/2020/09/24/blog-how-to-meet-the-eus-ambitious-climate-mitigation-goals
Latim Fateha, Latim Nadia. European Union Climate Control Strategy, Policy and Law Notebooks, Issue 9/6/2013.
At the link: https://dspace.univ-ouargla.dz/jspui/bitstream/123456789/7280/1/D0908.pdf
Yousra Al-Sharqawi, “Nuclear Energy and Green Policies,” International Politics, Al-Ahram Center, Volume 42, Issue 168, Cairo, April 2007.
Daniel Delalande,
Adaptation to climate change: The European Union must prepare for consequences, Notre Planet, 16 April 2009, http://www.notreplanete.info/actualites/actu_1957_adaptation_changement_climaritique_Europe.ph.
Adaptation of climate change: The European Union must prepare these conditions, Op. Cite.
Strategy for climate change at Horizon 2020 and later, Europa, 2011,
http://europa.eu/legislation_summaries/energy/european_energy_policy/l28188_fr.htm
Laytim Fateha, Laytim Nadia. The European Union's strategy to combat climate change, previous source.
Yousra El-Sharqawi, “Nuclear Energy and Green Policies,” previous source.
Letem Fateha, Letem Nadia, previous source.
Les Measures Prices in the European Union and Climate and Energy Matière, Europa, 2012,
ec.europa.eu/climateaction/docs/climate-energy_summary_fr.pdf
www.arableagueonlines.org. The website of the League of Arab States
Ulrich Beck, This New World: (The Vision of the New Citizenship Society), translated by: Abu Al-Eid Dudu, Germany, Al-Jamal Publications, Cologne, first edition, 2001.
Kaidi Samia, International and Environmental Trade, a dissertation to obtain a doctorate in legal sciences, Mouloud Mammeri University, Algeria, 2002.
Al-Bandary Ahmed Al-Bandary, Pressure Groups and Their Effects on Political Decision, A Comparative Study, Faculty of Law, Ain Shams University, Egypt.
Marcelo Dias, The sociology of relations internationals et de droit September Edition, 2014.
Sami Muhammad Abdel Hamid, Fundamentals of Public International Law, Alexandria Knowledge Establishment, Dr. T.N...
Ahmed Al-Amin Al-Gamal, translator of his environmental diplomacy, Negotiating to Achieve More Effective Global Agreements, Egyptian Society for the Spread of World Knowledge and Culture, Cairo, 1997.
United Nations Development Programme, Arab Human Development Report, Dar Al-Shorouk for Publishing and Distribution, Amman, 2002, p. 40.
Adnan Mustafa, International Conference on Scientific Research and its Role in Protecting Future and Arab Pollution (181), 1994, p. 106. 20 - Naguib Saab, Deterrent Law, Effective Institutions, and Environment and Development Awareness 98, 2006.
Naguib Saab, Deterrent Law, Effective Institutions, and Environment and Development Awareness 98, 2006,
This cooperation at the scientific level culminated in the holding of the second United Nations conference on the environment, known as the Earth Summit, in 1992 AD in the Brazilian city of Rio de Janeiro, which emphasized in an unprecedented manner the necessity of involving civil society organizations within various international and national policies in the field of the environment. See: Declaration de rio sur l 'Development environment departs from the information organization at the National University, New York, N° 10017 ETAS
Moussa Laharsh, Western civil society organizations propose new mechanisms to protect Arab and Mediterranean environmental security, Environment Forum 2008.
Youssef Al-Qaryuni, Building the Self-Capacity of Non-Governmental Organizations, 7/9/2009 on the website: https://2u.pw/A7DQO
Musa Laharsh, Civil Society as a Key Actor in Supporting Environmentally Appropriate Development, Journal of Humanitarian Research and Studies 2/2008.
Amani Kandil, “To what extent has civil society developed in Egypt,” a research paper presented at a scientific conference on: “Democratic Development,” Cairo, 1997 AD.
Imad al-Din Adly, Mediterranean Action Plan Protocols, MAP Environment Forum, August 17, 2008.
Ulish Beck, The Global Risk Society in Search of Lost Safety, translated by Ola Adel and Hind Ibrahim, Basant Hassan, Cairo National Center for Translation, first edition, 2012.
الملفات الإضافية
منشور
إصدار
القسم
الرخصة
الحقوق الفكرية (c) 2024 سارة عبد زاير
هذا العمل مرخص بموجب Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
هذه هي مقالـــــة منشـــــــــورة بنمط الوصـــــول الحـــــــر ومـــــــوزعة تحــــــت شــــــروط ترخيص المشاع الابداعي نسب المصنف (CC BY) 4.0 دولي التي تسمح بالاستخدام غير المقيد، التوزيع، واعادة الانتاج في أي وسيط أو صيغة، والتحوير أو البناء على المادة، بما في ذلك للأغراض التجارية، شريطة أن يتم نسب العمل للمؤلف الأصلي.
